กรดไกลไซร์ไรซิก
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กรดไกลไซร์ไรซิก

  1. ชื่อภาษาอังกฤษ: Glycyrrhizic Acid
  1. ข้อมูลจำเพาะ
    • ความบริสุทธิ์: ≥ 98% (เอชพีแอลซี)
    • ความสามารถในการละลาย: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in hot water, ethanol, and glycerol
    • pH Value: 5.0 – 7.0 (1% aqueous solution)
    • การสูญเสียจากการอบแห้ง: ≤ 5.0%
    • โลหะหนัก: ≤ 10 ppm
  1. รูปร่าง: White to off-white crystalline powder, odorless, with a characteristic sweet taste; no chocolate-related properties
  1. หมายเลข CAS: 1405-86-3
  1. ระยะเวลาดำเนินการ: 3 – 7 วันทำการ
  1. บรรจุุภัณฑ์: 1 kg/aluminum foil bag, 25 kg/drum (double-layer PE bag inside)
  1. ตลาดหลัก: ยุโรป, อเมริกาเหนือ, เอเชีย ฯลฯ
  1. สถานการณ์การใช้งาน

คุณสมบัติที่สำคัญ

  • ต้านการอักเสบ: Inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6) and blocks prostaglandin synthesis, reducing redness and swelling
  • Liver-protective: Promotes liver cell regeneration and enhances detoxification enzymes, supporting liver function
  • Sweetening: Approximately 50 times sweeter than sucrose, used as a natural low-calorie sweetener
  • Antiviral: Exhibits inhibitory effects against certain viruses (e.g., influenza, herpes simplex) by blocking viral entry into cells
  • Immunomodulatory: Regulates immune responses by balancing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways

สถานการณ์การใช้งาน

  1. อุตสาหกรรมยา
    • Liver Medications: Used in formulations for treating viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis (oral or injectable forms)
    • Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Included in topical creams for skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis (0.5 – 2% concentration)
    • Antiviral Formulations: Investigated for adjunct use in antiviral therapies
  1. อาหารและเครื่องดื่ม
    • Functional Drinks: Added to herbal teas and health beverages as a natural sweetener and liver-support ingredient
    • Confectionery: Used in sugar-free candies and gums to provide sweetness with reduced calories
    • Dairy Products: Incorporated into yogurt and milk drinks for flavor enhancement
  1. Cosmetics & Skincare
    • Sensitive Skin Products: Added to lotions and serums to soothe irritation and reduce redness
    • Anti-aging Formulations: Included for its antioxidant properties, protecting skin from environmental damage
    • Oral Care: Used in toothpaste and mouthwash to reduce oral mucosa irritation
  1. การแพทย์แผนโบราณ
    • A key component in herbal formulas for “detoxifying” and supporting respiratory health

วิธีการตรวจจับ

  • เอชพีแอลซี: Column C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), Mobile Phase: Methanol – 0.05% phosphoric acid (65:35), Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min, Detection Wavelength: 254 nm
  • สเปกโตรสโคปี UV-Vis: Quantified at 254 nm using a standard curve method
  • สเปกโตรสโคปี FTIR: Characteristic peaks at 3400 cm⁻¹ (O-H stretching), 1610 cm⁻¹ (carboxylate), 1070 cm⁻¹ (C-O-C stretching)

ข้อดี

  • แหล่งที่มาจากธรรมชาติ: Extracted from the roots of กรดกลีเซอไรซา กลาบรา (licorice), with a long history of medicinal use
  • Multi-functional: Combines anti-inflammatory, sweetening, and liver-protective benefits
  • ความปลอดภัย: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) in regulated doses; suitable for long-term use in cosmetics and food
  • Synergy: Enhances the efficacy of other anti-inflammatory ingredients (e.g., panthenol, allantoin) in formulations
หมวดหมู่: , , , , ,

Glycyrrhizic Acid: The Definitive Guide to Benefits, Sources & High-Purity Supply

1. What is Glycyrrhizic Acid?

Glycyrrhizic Acid (GA), also known as Glycyrrhizin, is a bioactive triterpenoid saponin and the primary sweet-tasting constituent found in the roots and rhizomes of the licorice plant (กรดกลีเซอไรซา กลาบรา L. and related species). This amphiphilic molecule is prized for its diverse pharmacological activities, intense sweetness (approximately 50 times sweeter than sucrose), and role as a critical marker compound for licorice quality and authenticity in phytopharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetic applications.

2. แหล่งที่มาของผลิตภัณฑ์ คุณสมบัติทางเคมี และการระบุ

  • แหล่งที่มา: Primarily extracted and purified from the dried roots and stolons of กรดกลีเซอไรซา กลาบรา (European Licorice), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Chinese Licorice), and Glycyrrhiza inflata.

  • คุณสมบัติทางเคมี:

    • หมายเลข CAS: 1405-86-3

    • สูตรโมเลกุล (MF): C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆

    • น้ำหนักโมเลกุล (MW): 822.93 g/mol

    • หมายเลข EINECS: 215-785-7

    • รูปร่าง: White or pale yellow crystalline powder.

    • ความสามารถในการละลาย: Soluble in hot water and hot glacial acetic acid; slightly soluble in cold water, ethanol; practically insoluble in ether and non-polar organic solvents. Forms water-soluble salts (e.g., monoammonium glycyrrhizinate).

    • Key Functional Groups: Glucuronic acid moieties linked to the aglycone (Glycyrrhetinic Acid).

3. Identifying the Best Glycyrrhizic Acid: Key Criteria
Selecting premium Glycyrrhizic Acid requires scrutiny beyond basic purity:

  • Purity & Composition: Opt for high-purity standards (>98% HPLC). The best suppliers provide detailed chromatograms confirming minimal impurities like related saponins (e.g., Liquiritin) or glycyrrhetinic acid. Certificates of Analysis (COA) are non-negotiable.

  • ประสิทธิภาพและการปฏิบัติตาม: Efficacy is intrinsically linked to purity and bioactivity. Ensure compliance with relevant pharmacopoeial standards (USP, EP, CP), food additive regulations (JECFA, FCC), and target market requirements (e.g., FDA GRAS status for specific uses, REACH).

  • Origin & Traceability: Look for transparent sourcing of raw licorice, preferably cultivated sustainably. Origin impacts glycyrrhizin content and impurity profile. Full traceability from root to final product is a mark of quality.

  • Usage Methods: Highly versatile. Used as:

    • Sweetener: In foods, beverages, confectionery (especially where a lingering sweetness is desired).

    • Flavor Modifier & Enhancer: Masks bitterness in pharmaceuticals and functional foods.

    • Functional Ingredient: In dietary supplements (liver health, respiratory support, adrenal function), traditional herbal preparations, cosmetics (skin brightening, anti-inflammatory, anti-acne), oral care products.

    • Pharmaceutical Intermediate: For the synthesis of stronger anti-inflammatory agents or hepatoprotectants.

  • กลุ่มเป้าหมาย: Food & Beverage manufacturers, nutraceutical/supplement brands, cosmetic & personal care formulators, pharmaceutical companies, research institutions.

  • Health Benefits & Mechanism:

    • Anti-inflammatory & Immunomodulatory: Inhibits phospholipase A2 and prostaglandin synthesis; modulates cytokine production (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6); enhances interferon production. Useful in managing allergies, dermatitis (eczema, psoriasis topically), and potentially autoimmune conditions.

    • Antiviral: Shown activity against various viruses (SARS-CoV, HSV-1, HIV, influenza) by interfering with viral entry, replication, and cell-to-cell spread. Particularly studied for upper respiratory infections.

    • Hepatoprotective: Protects liver cells from toxins (e.g., CCl4, aflatoxin B1), reduces inflammation in hepatic tissues, may support regeneration. Used in treating chronic hepatitis.

    • Adrenal Support: Mimics aldosterone, potentially supporting cortisol metabolism and adrenal function (use with caution – see side effects).

    • สารต้านอนุมูลอิสระ: Scavenges free radicals and enhances endogenous antioxidant systems (SOD, GSH).

    • Expectorant & Mucoprotective: Promotes bronchial secretion and protects gastric mucosa.

  • Dosage & Safety:

    • ขนาดยาโดยทั่วไป: Varies greatly by application. As a sweetener/flavor: GRAS levels. For therapeutic effects (e.g., liver support, antiviral): Often 50-200 mg/day of pure Glycyrrhizic Acid. Crucially, dosage must be based on pure GA content, not crude licorice root powder.

    • Safe Intake: JECFA established an ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) of 0-0.1 mg/kg body weight for Glycyrrhizic Acid (equivalent to ~6 mg GA for a 60kg adult). EFSA and others advise limiting continuous high intake.

    • Side Effects & Contraindications: Primarily linked to excessive intake (>100 mg GA/day for weeks/months) causing pseudoaldosteronism: hypertension, hypokalemia, sodium/water retention, edema. Contraindicated in hypertension, hypokalemia, renal/liver failure, pregnancy, and with certain medications (diuretics, digoxin, corticosteroids). Monitor potassium levels during prolonged use.

  • ข้อควรพิจารณาที่สำคัญ: Source purity, documented GA content, clear usage guidelines, and stringent safety warnings regarding hypertension risk are hallmarks of a responsible supplier.

4. Partner with Excellence: Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd.
As a leader in bioactive compounds for over 28 years, Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd. stands at the forefront of Glycyrrhizic Acid production. We are a vertically integrated high-tech enterprise specializing in the advanced extraction, isolation, and purification of plant-derived actives for global markets in chemicals, materials, and life sciences.

  • ความเชี่ยวชาญหลัก: Natural plant extraction (licorice specialization), premium ingredients for cosmetics, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, natural pigments, dietary supplements, food/beverage additives, and natural sweeteners (including Glycyrrhizic Acid).

  • Scientific Edge – Unmatched Purity & Innovation:

    • Deep Research: Collaboration with 5 leading universities via joint labs fuels our innovation pipeline.

    • Proprietary Tech: Over 20 patents underpin our purification processes, enabling access to a globally unique compound library.

    • การวิเคราะห์อันล้ำสมัย: Investment in world-class instrumentation (HPLC-DAD/ELSD/CAD, UPLC-MS, NMR ตัวนำยิ่งยวด, GC-MS) ensures unparalleled purity verification. Our Glycyrrhizic Acid consistently exceeds industry purity standards by >20%, guaranteeing superior bioactivity and safety.

  • Global Reach & Customization: We supply premium botanical extracts to Fortune 500 companies, leading research institutions, and manufacturers across 80+ countries in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Our strength lies in delivering tailored, complex ingredient solutions.

5. Comprehensive Product Specifications: Certificate of Analysis (COA) Guarantee
Our Glycyrrhizic Acid meets the most stringent global quality benchmarks.

หมวดหมู่พารามิเตอร์รายการทดสอบขีดจำกัดของข้อมูลจำเพาะวิธีทดสอบ
สารตกค้างของยาฆ่าแมลงAldrin & Dieldrin≤ 0.01 มก./กก.GC-MS/MS (EU 2021/1340)
Chlordane (Total)≤ 0.01 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
ดีดีที (รวม)≤ 0.05 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
Endrin≤ 0.01 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
Heptachlor & Epoxide≤ 0.01 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
Hexachlorobenzene≤ 0.01 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
Lindane (γ-HCH)≤ 0.01 มก./กก.จีซี-เอ็มเอส/เอ็มเอส
โลหะหนักสารหนู (As)≤ 1.0 มก./กก.ICP-MS (USP <232> / EP 2.4.27)
แคดเมียม (Cd)≤ 0.5 มก./กก.ไอซีพี-เอ็มเอส
ตะกั่ว (Pb)≤ 1.0 มก./กก.ไอซีพี-เอ็มเอส
ปรอท (Hg)≤ 0.1 มก./กก.ซีวี-เอเอเอส / ไอซีพี-เอ็มเอส
จุลชีววิทยาจำนวนแอโรบิกทั้งหมด≤ 1,000 CFU/กรัมUSP <61> / EP 2.6.12
ยีสต์และรา≤ 100 CFU/กรัมUSP <61> / EP 2.6.12
อีโคไลขาดใน 1 กรัมUSP <62> / EP 2.6.13
ซัลโมเนลลา สปีชีส์ขาดไป 10 กรัมUSP <62> / EP 2.6.13
สแตฟิโลค็อกคัส ออเรียสขาดใน 1 กรัมยูเอสพี <62>
ซูโดโมแนส แอรูจิโนซาขาดใน 1 กรัมยูเอสพี <62>
การวิเคราะห์ (HPLC)กรดไกลไซร์ไรซิก≥ 98.0% (Anhydrous Basis)In-house validated (EP/CP)

6. Advanced Production Process
Zhonghong employs a sophisticated, multi-stage process ensuring maximum yield and purity:

  1. Sourcing & Preparation: Premium licorice roots are meticulously selected, cleaned, and milled.

  2. การสกัดแบบเลือก: Utilizes optimized solvent systems (e.g., hot water, ethanol/water) under controlled conditions (temperature, pH, time) to maximize glycyrrhizin solubility while minimizing co-extraction of unwanted compounds.

  3. การฟอกขั้นต้น: Involves techniques like macroporous resin adsorption chromatography for initial enrichment and removal of sugars, pigments, and low molecular weight impurities.

  4. การแยกขั้นสูง: Core stage employing Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (Prep-HPLC) or specialized crystallization techniques for precise isolation of Glycyrrhizic Acid from closely related saponins and flavonoids.

  5. Final Purification & Crystallization: Further refining steps (e.g., recrystallization) achieve the target ultra-high purity (>98%).

  6. Drying & Stabilization: Gentle drying methods (e.g., vacuum drying, spray drying) preserve integrity. Stabilization may be applied if required.

  7. Rigorous QC Testing: Every batch undergoes comprehensive analysis per COA specifications before release.

7. สถานการณ์การใช้งานที่หลากหลาย

  • ผลิตภัณฑ์เสริมอาหารและผลิตภัณฑ์เสริมอาหาร: Liver support formulas, immune boosters, adrenal tonics, respiratory health blends, anti-inflammatory supplements.

  • อาหารและเครื่องดื่มฟังก์ชัน: Natural sweetener in sugar-reduced products, flavor enhancer in dairy, confectionery, tobacco; functional ingredient in health drinks.

  • เครื่องสำอางและการดูแลส่วนบุคคล: Key active in skin-whitening/lightening creams, anti-acne serums, anti-inflammatory/calming lotions (eczema, psoriasis), anti-aging formulations, toothpaste (anti-plaque).

  • เภสัชภัณฑ์: Active ingredient or intermediate in cough syrups, anti-ulcer drugs, hepatoprotectants, antiviral preparations, topical anti-inflammatories. Excipient for flavor masking.

  • วิจัย: Biochemical reagent, reference standard, compound for pharmacological studies.

8. การควบคุมคุณภาพที่เข้มงวด (QC)
Quality is paramount at Zhonghong. Our QC system integrates:

  • Strict SOPs: Govern every step from raw material qualification (heavy metals, pesticides, microbials, species ID via DNA barcoding/HPLC fingerprinting) to final product release.

  • State-of-the-Art Instrumentation: HPLC/UPLC with multiple detectors (DAD, ELSD, CAD, MS) for precise assay and impurity profiling; GC-MS for residual solvents and pesticides; ICP-MS for trace heavy metals; Superconducting NMR for ultimate structural confirmation and purity assessment; validated microbiological testing suites.

  • การศึกษาเสถียรภาพ: ICH guideline-compliant studies (accelerated & long-term) establish shelf life and storage conditions.

  • การตรวจสอบวิธีการ: All analytical methods are rigorously validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, LOD/LOQ, linearity, and robustness per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines.

  • การปฏิบัติตาม: Adherence to cGMP, ISO 9001, and relevant pharmacopoeial/food safety standards (USP, EP, CP, FDA, FSSC 22000). Regular audits ensure continuous compliance. Batch traceability is fully documented.

9. Reliable Packaging & Logistics

  • บรรจุภัณฑ์: Standard 1kg or 5kg double-sealed in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bags within fiberboard drums (25kg net weight). Custom packaging (e.g., vacuum-sealed foil bags, smaller quantities) available upon request to ensure stability and prevent moisture absorption/contamination.

  • พื้นที่จัดเก็บ: Store in a cool (below 25°C), dry, well-ventilated place. Protect from light and moisture. Shelf life typically 24 months when stored properly in unopened original packaging.

  • โลจิสติกส์ระดับโลก: Efficient, reliable shipping via air or sea freight with expertise in global customs clearance and documentation (COA, Certificate of Origin, MSDS). Temperature-controlled options available.

10. Deep Dive: Health Mechanisms, Innovation & Research

  • Mechanism of Action: GA exerts effects via multiple pathways: direct membrane interactions, modulation of enzyme activity (11β-HSD2 inhibition key to pseudoaldosteronism), interaction with signaling molecules (NF-κB, MAPK pathways), antioxidant gene upregulation (Nrf2 pathway), and direct binding to viral components or host receptors. Its hydrolysis to glycyrrhetinic acid (by gut bacteria) yields a more potent anti-inflammatory metabolite.

  • Industrial Applications & Zhonghong’s Innovation: Beyond standard extracts, Zhonghong focuses on enhancing bioavailability (e.g., phospholipid complexes, nanoemulsions), developing highly soluble salts (Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate), and creating synergistic blends for targeted health benefits. Our patented purification technologies enable unique GA derivatives and ultra-high purity grades (>99.5%) for demanding pharmaceutical applications.

  • Research Frontiers & Challenges: Active areas include:

    • Exploring GA’s potentiation of chemotherapeutic agents and mitigation of side effects.

    • Developing novel derivatives with improved therapeutic index (reduced mineralocorticoid effects).

    • Investigating its role in metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, and as an adjuvant in immunotherapy.

    • Challenge: Balancing potent bioactivity with the well-documented risk of hypertension/pseudoaldosteronism remains the primary hurdle for broader therapeutic application. Precise dosing formulations and targeted delivery systems are key research goals.

11. คำถามที่พบบ่อย (FAQ)

  • Q: Is Glycyrrhizic Acid safe?

    • ก: Yes, when used appropriately at recommended dosages. Long-term, high-dose intake (>100mg pure GA/day) can cause serious side effects (hypertension, low potassium). Consult a healthcare provider, especially if you have hypertension, heart, kidney, or liver disease, or are pregnant/lactating.

  • Q: How is Glycyrrhizic Acid different from Licorice Root Extract?

    • ก: Glycyrrhizic Acid is the specific purified active compound. Licorice Root Extract is a complex mixture containing GA (typically 10-25%), along with flavonoids, polysaccharides, and other compounds. Effects and dosing differ significantly.

  • Q: Can diabetics use Glycyrrhizic Acid?

    • ก: GA itself does not significantly raise blood glucose and is used as a sweetener in some diabetic products. However, the potential hypertensive effect is a concern for diabetics, who often have higher cardiovascular risk. Consult a doctor.

  • ถาม: อายุการเก็บรักษาคือเท่าไร?

    • ก: Properly stored in original, unopened packaging below 25°C in a dry place, our high-purity Glycyrrhizic Acid has a shelf life of 24 months.

  • Q: Where can I buy high-purity Glycyrrhizic Acid?

    • ก: Contact Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd. for bulk supply, samples, and custom solutions.

12. Source Premium Glycyrrhizic Acid Today!
Experience the Zhonghong difference: Uncompromising purity, scientific rigor, and global reliability. We are the trusted partner for leading brands worldwide.

  • Request Your FREE Sample & COA: Validate our quality firsthand.

  • Get a Competitive Quote: For bulk Glycyrrhizic Acid supply.

  • Discuss Custom Solutions: Leverage our expertise for unique formulations.

Contact Us Now:

13. บทสรุป
Glycyrrhizic Acid, nature’s potent multi-functional compound, offers immense benefits across health, food, and cosmetics. Realizing its full potential requires sourcing the highest purity material from a scientifically advanced and quality-driven supplier. Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd., with its 28-year legacy, cutting-edge technology (including superconducting NMR for ultimate purity verification), patented processes, and unwavering commitment to exceeding global standards (>98% HPLC purity), stands as the premier partner for reliable, high-performance Glycyrrhizic Acid. Contact us to elevate your products with the gold standard in licorice actives.

14. อ้างอิง

    1. European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) Monograph for Liquiritiae radix and Glycyrrhizic Acid.

    2. United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF).

    3. Food Chemicals Codex (FCC).

    4. JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) Monographs and Specifications – Glycyrrhizin.

    5. EMA (European Medicines Agency) Assessment Reports on กรดกลีเซอไรซา กลาบรา L. and/or Glycyrrhizic Acid.

    6. Planta Medica: “Pharmacology of Glycyrrhiza spp. and Glycyrrhizin” (Recent Reviews).

    7. Scientific Journals: Phytochemistry, Journal of Natural Products, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, International Immunopharmacology (Specific research articles on mechanisms, bioavailability, clinical studies).

    8. ICH (International Council for Harmonisation) Quality Guidelines (Q2, Q3, Q6A, Q1A).

    9. USP General Chapters: <61> Microbiological Examination, <62> Microbiological Procedures, <232> Elemental Impurities.

    10. Zhonghong Internal Research & Validation Data (Patents, Technical Dossiers).

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