Trehalose
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Trehalose

Trehalose

  1. English Ngalan: Trehalose
  1. Espesipikasyon
    • Kaputli: ≥ 99% (HPLC)
    • Pagkamatunaw: Highly soluble in water (68.9 g/100 mL at 25°C), halos soluble in ethanol, insoluble in most organic solvents
    • Panagway – kauban: Pagkawala sa pagpauga ≤ 0.5%, Bug-at nga metal ≤ 5 ppm, Nabilin nga mga solvent ≤ 0.2%
    • Natunaw Ang-ang: 210 – 218°C (decomposes)
  1. Panagway
    • White crystalline powder or colorless crystals, odorless, with a kendi estilo (about 45% as kendi as sucrose), not kauban to chocolate in kolor o kahumot
  1. CAS NO.：6138 – 23 – 4
  1. Panahon sa pagpanguna: 3 – 7 ka Adlaw sa Trabaho
  1. Pakete deal
    • 25 kg/drum (polyethylene bag inside cardboard drum), 1000 kg/bulk bag
  1. Predominant Merkado
    • kalibutan merkado, uban sa importante panginahanglan sa North America, Europe, Asia, nag-una gigamit sa mga pagkaon and beverage, cosmetics, prescription drugs, agriculture, and biotechnology industries
  1. Utility Mga panghitabo

Panguna nga mga kabtangan

  • Kemikal Pagtukod: A non – pagpaubos disaccharide composed of two glucose mga butang joined by an α,α – 1,1 – glucosidic bond. Its talagsaon pagtukod endows it with glorious stability and pagpanalipod kabtangan.
  • yawe Mga kapilian
    • Thermostability and Chemical Stability: Immune to sobra temperatures, acids, and alkalis, pagpatunhay niini pagtukod and properties ubos harsh mga kahimtang. Kini naghimo niini angay kay lainlain processing environments.
    • Pagpabilin sa kaumog: Can strongly bind water molecules, malampuson paghunong baligya from drying out and pagpatunhay moisture sulod nga materyal, nga makatabang lugwayan the shelf tibuok kinabuhi sa baligya.
    • Cell and Protein Kaluwasan: Stabilizes cell membranes and proteins, pagdepensa them from denaturation and kadaot gidala sa mga elemento comparable to dehydration, kainit, and freezing. This property is importante sa daghan organiko and industrial mga katuyoan.
    • Antioxidant – like Epekto: Not directly reduces oxidative stress by pagdepensa cells and biomolecules, contributing to ang heneral stability and taas nga kalidad sa baligya.

Utility Mga panghitabo

1. Mga pagkaon ug Ilimnon Pamatigayon

  • Preservative and Shelf – Life Extender
    • Added to baked mga butang like bread, muffins, and pastries (0.5 – 2% focus) to forestall staling, pagpreserbar moisture, and lugwayan the shelf life. Pananglitan, in frozen bread, trehalose helps pagmintinar the feel comfortable ug bag-o lang sa tibuok dugay – yugto sa panahon storage.
    • Gigamit sa dairy baligya comparable to yogurt and ice cream aron mapalambo texture, hunong ice crystal formation, and pagpalambo lami stability.
  • Tilawi Enhancer and Sweetener
    • Ingon a gentle sweetener, it may be used alone or blended with lainlain sweeteners in mga ilimnon, confectionery, and jams sa pag-regulate sweetness and pagpalambo heneral lami. Its low – glycemic index dugang pa makes it engaging for sugar – free or low – calorie product formulations.
  • Freeze – Drying Tabang
    • Sulod sa paghimo of freeze – dried mga pagkaon (comparable to mga prutas, mga utanon, ug prompt espresso), trehalose protects the pagtukod ug lami sa mga substansiya through the drying kurso sa, paggarantiya sobra – taas nga kalidad rehydration.

2. Mga kosmetiko ug Pribado Pag-atiman

  • Moisturizer and Mga pores ug panit Protectant
    • Gidugang sa mga lotion, lotions, and serums (1 – 5% focus) to retain pores ug panit moisture, hunong dryness, and depensahan ang pores ug panit from environmental stressors. It helps pagpreserbar the integrity of the pores ug panit barrier and improves pores ug panit texture.
  • Stabilizer for Madasigon Components
    • Preserves ang kalig-on sa delikado mga substansiya sama sa nutritional nga mga bitamina, enzymes, and plant extracts in cosmetics, paghunong their degradation and paggarantiya product efficacy over time.

3. Pharmaceutical Pamatigayon

  • Drug Excipient
    • Used as an excipient in tablets, capsules, and injectable formulations aron mapalambo ang kalig-on of medicine, ilabina for warmth – delikado or moisture – delikado droga. It might depensahan ang lagsik pharmaceutical mga substansiya sa tibuok storage and pagpalambo drug suplay.
  • Freeze – Drying of Biopharmaceuticals
    • Sulod sa paghimo of biopharmaceuticals comparable to vaccines, antibodies, and enzymes, trehalose stabilizes the organiko ehersisyo sa mga baligya sa tibuok freeze – drying and dugay – yugto sa panahon storage, paggarantiya their effectiveness.

4. Agriculture and Biotechnology

  • Plant Stress Resistance
    • Gigamit to crops as a foliar spray or soil tambal sa pagpausbaw plant tolerance to abiotic stresses comparable to drought, kainit, ug tugnaw. Trehalose helps depensahan plant cells and pagpreserbar pisyolohikal mga bahin ubos worrying mga kahimtang, pag-ayo crop yield and taas nga kalidad.
  • Microorganism Preservation
    • Gigamit sulod sa preservation of microorganisms (comparable to probiotics, yeast, and micro organismo) for industrial fermentation processes. It protects the viability sa mga microorganisms sa tibuok storage and transportation, paggarantiya makanunayon pagkaepisyente sa mga katuyoan sama sa mga pagkaon fermentation and biofuel paghimo.

Deteksiyon Mga estratehiya

  • Sobra – Episyente Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
    • Column: Sugar – partikular column (e.g., Aminex HPX – 87H), Cellular Seksyon: 5 mM sulfuric acid, Paglihok Maningil: 0.6 mL/min, Detection Wavelength: Refractive index detector. This teknik tukma quantifies trehalose sulod nga materyal sa lainlain mga sampol.
  • Enzymatic Assay
    • Naggamit sa partikular enzymes (comparable to trehalase) aron makabalda down trehalose into glucose, nga mahimo then be measured colorimetrically or pinaagi sa lainlain analytical mga pamaagi. Kini teknik mao ang angay kay paspas ug sayon detection, ilabina sa mga pagkaon taas nga kalidad pagdumala.
  • Niwang – Layer Chromatography (TLC)
    • A preliminary screening teknik kay paghuna-huna trehalose in samples. It separates trehalose from lainlain sugars base sa kadaghanan on their hingpit nga lahi migration charges on a chromatographic plate, gisagop by visualization paggamit magamit reagents.

Suplay & Mga kaayohan

  • Paggama Mga estratehiya
    • Sa panguna produced by fermentation paggamit genetically engineered microorganisms or enzymatic synthesis from starch – base sa kadaghanan dili luto mga suplay. Kini mga estratehiya garantiya sobra – yield and value – episyente paghimo.
  • Daghag gamit Mga gimbuhaton
    • Ang talagsaon properties make it relevant sa tibuok usa ka gidaghanon sa mga industriya, asembliya daghan gusto from product preservation to organiko kaluwasan, pagpresentar importante negosyo mga alternatibo.
  • Kliyente Pagdani
    • Ingon sa usa ka putli – occurring sugar, kini nicely – obtained pinaagi sa mga kustomer, ilabina sulod sa mga pagkaon and cosmetics industries, ang dapit naay a pagbangon tinguha kay klaro - label ug putli mga substansiya.
  • Pagdawat sa Regulatoryo
    • Kasagaran giila ingon luwas (GRAS) sa daghan internasyonal nga mga lokasyon ug mga lugar, with clear laws alang sa paggamit niini sa daghan industries, facilitating its widespread utility.
Mga kategoriya: , , ,

Trehalose: Nature’s Protective Sugar – Ultimate Guide by Zhonghong Tech

1. What is Trehalose?
Trehalose (α-D-glucopyranosyl α-D-glucopyranoside) is a naturally occurring, non-reducing disaccharide sugar composed of two glucose molecules. Renowned for its exceptional stabilizing properties, it acts as a bioprotectant for cells and biomolecules under stress conditions like dehydration, heat, and freezing. Its unique glycosidic bond (1,1-alpha linkage) confers high stability and low reactivity.

2. Tinubdan sa Produkto, Mga Kinaiya sa Kemikal ug Mga Identifier

  • Tinubdan: Primarily derived through enzymatic hydrolysis of starch (from corn, tapioca, potatoes) using trehalose synthase. Also found naturally in mushrooms, honey, algae, and yeast.

  • Kemikal nga Pormula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

  • Numero sa CAS: 99-20-7

  • Pormula sa Molekular (MF): C12H22O11

  • Molekular nga Timbang (MW): 342.30 g/mol

  • Numero sa EINECS: 202-739-6

  • Pangunang mga kabtangan:

    • White crystalline powder

    • Mild sweet taste (~45% sweetness of sucrose)

    • High glass transition temperature (Tg)

    • Low hygroscopicity

    • Excellent chemical & thermal stability

    • Non-reducing sugar (Maillard reaction inert)

    • High water retention capacity

3. What is the Best Trehalose? Key Considerations
The “best” trehalose prioritizes purity, origin, compliance, and intended application. Zhonghong Tech sets the benchmark:

  • Pangunang sangkap: High-Purity Anhydrous Trehalose (C12H22O11)

  • Primary Efficacy & Health Benefits (Compliant):

    • Biostabilization: Protects proteins, enzymes, cells, and lipids from denaturation during drying, freezing, and heating (crucial for pharmaceuticals & diagnostics).

    • Panglawas sa ngipon: Non-cariogenic – does not promote tooth decay (EFSA, FDA approved).

    • Energy Source: Provides sustained glucose release (4 kcal/g) with a low glycemic index (~70% of glucose).

    • Osmoprotection: Helps cells maintain integrity under osmotic stress.

    • Skin Hydration: Used in cosmetics for moisturizing and protecting skin barrier function.

    • Shelf-life Extension: Stabilizes flavors, colors, textures, and biologics in food & pharma.

  • Sinugdanan: Globally sourced non-GMO starch (e.g., EU corn, Asian tapioca), processed in China under GMP.

  • Paggamit: Food additive (baked goods, beverages, confectionery), Pharmaceutical excipient (lyophilization, biotherapeutics), Cosmetics (serums, creams), Research reagent. Typical incorporation: 1-10% w/w depending on application.

  • Target nga mamiminaw: Food & Beverage Manufacturers, Cosmetic Formulators, Pharmaceutical Developers, Biotech Researchers, Nutraceutical Brands.

  • Daily Intake & Safety: Recognized as safe (GRAS by FDA, approved by EFSA, JECFA). No established ADI. Typical consumption is safe; high doses (>50g/day) may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals.

  • Kritikal nga mga konsiderasyon:

    • Kaputli: Essential for sensitive applications (e.g., diagnostics, injectables). Zhonghong guarantees >99.5%.

    • Specification Compliance: Must meet relevant pharmacopoeia (USP/Ph.Eur/JP) or food grade standards.

    • Residual Solvents/Enzymes: Rigorous control needed, especially for pharma.

    • Allergens: Ensure processing avoids major allergens if required (e.g., gluten-free).

  • Mga epekto: Extremely rare at typical usage levels. Potential for mild laxative effect only with very high acute intake.

4. Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd.: Pioneering Bioactive Compounds
Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd. is a premier high-tech enterprise integrating agile R&D, collaborative innovation, integrated manufacturing, and global marketing. For 28 years, we’ve specialized in the extraction, isolation, purification, and application of potent plant-derived compounds, serving the chemical, material science, and life science sectors.

  • Kinauyokan nga Eksperto: Advanced extraction & purification of Natural Plant Extracts, Cosmetic Actives, Nutraceutical & Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Natural Pigments, and Plant-Based Sweeteners (like Trehalose).

  • Scientific Prowess (R&D Barriers):

    • Strategic alliances with 5 elite universities via Joint Research Labs.

    • Proprietary IP portfolio: 20+ patents in separation science and stabilization.

    • Globally unique natural compound library for discovery.

  • Kaayohan sa Paggama:

    • State-of-the-art analytics: U/HPLC, GC-MS, 600MHz Superconducting NMR, ICP-MS.

    • Purity standards exceeding industry norms by 20%+.

    • Strict adherence to cGMP, ISO 9001, ISO 22000 (food grade), and ICH Q7 (pharma grade) where applicable.

  • Kinatibuk-ang Pag-abot: Trusted supplier network spanning 80+ countries across Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Provides bespoke ingredient solutions to multinational pharmaceutical corporations, leading research institutions, and innovative FMCG brands.

5. Trehalose: Health Benefits & Applications

  • Health Benefits Mechanism:

    • Cellular Stress Resistance: Mimics natural anhydrobiosis, stabilizing biomolecules by replacing water hydrogen bonds (“water replacement theory”) and forming vitrified matrices.

    • Metabolic Pathway: Hydrolyzed slowly by trehalase enzyme in the small intestine, providing sustained glucose release.

    • Autophagy Modulation: Emerging research suggests potential roles in cellular cleanup processes (preclinical focus).

  • Application Scenarios:

    • Food Tech: Cryoprotectant (surimi, ice cream), Texture enhancer (baked goods, rice), Flavor/aroma stabilizer (dried fruits, beverages), Natural humectant.

    • Pharma/Biotech: Critical lyoprotectant for vaccines, antibodies, enzymes, and diagnostic reagents in freeze-drying (lyophilization). Stabilizer for liquid formulations.

    • Mga kosmetiko: Moisturizing agent, Enhancer of skin barrier function, Stabilizer for sensitive actives (Vit C, peptides).

    • Agrikultura: Seed coating protectant, Biopesticide stabilizer.

    • Diagnostics: Stabilizer for enzymes and antibodies in test kits.

6. Production Process: Precision Purification
Zhonghong’s high-purity trehalose production involves:

  1. Enzymatic Conversion: Starch slurry → Maltooligosaccharides → Trehalose (using specific trehalose synthase).

  2. Dekolorisasyon ug Deionization: Removal of pigments, ions, and proteins via activated carbon and ion-exchange resins.

  3. Crystallization: Controlled crystallization for uniform particle size distribution.

  4. Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration: Advanced membrane separation for precise molecular weight cut-off.

  5. Spray Drying/Crystallization: Final drying under strict humidity control to yield anhydrous crystals.

  6. Polishing: Sieving to ensure consistent mesh size (e.g., 80-100 mesh).

7. Rigorous Quality Control (QC)
Zhonghong implements a multi-tiered QC strategy exceeding pharmacopeial standards:

  • Identity & Assay: Confirmed via HPLC-ELSD/RID (USP/Ph.Eur.) and FTIR. Purity guaranteed >99.5%.

  • Specific Rotation: Measured using polarimetry.

  • Nabilin nga mga solvent: Monitored by Headspace GC-MS according to ICH Q3C guidelines.

  • Advanced Impurity Profiling: UPLC-QTOF-MS for trace-level unknown identification.

  • Mga Pagtuon sa Kalig-on: Accelerated (40°C/75% RH) and long-term (25°C/60% RH) testing per ICH Q1A(R2).

  • Bug-os nga Pagsubay: Batch-specific documentation from raw material to finished product.

8. Product Specification & Certificate of Analysis (COA)

Table 1: Comprehensive COA Specifications for Zhonghong Trehalose

Kategorya butang Espesipikasyon Pamaagi sa Pagsulay
Kaputli Trehalose (Anhydrous) ≥ 99.5% USP/Ph.Eur. HPLC
Related Substances Meet USP/Ph.Eur. HPLC
Pagkawala sa Pagpauga ≤ 1.5% USP <731>
Specific Rotation [α]20D +197° to +201° USP <781>
Bug-at nga Metal Arsenic (As) ≤ 0.5 ppm ICP-MS (USP <232>/ICH Q3D)
Tingga (Pb) ≤ 0.5 ppm ICP-MS (USP <232>/ICH Q3D)
Cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0.5 ppm ICP-MS (USP <232>/ICH Q3D)
Mercury (Hg) ≤ 0.1 ppm ICP-MS (USP <232>/ICH Q3D)
Mga pestisidyo Kinatibuk-ang Pestisidyo ≤ 0.01 ppm (Individual) GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS (EU 396/2005)
≤ 0.05 ppm (Sum)
Microbiology Kinatibuk-ang Ihap sa Aerobic ≤ 1000 CFU/g USP <61>, EP 2.6.12
Yeast & Molds ≤ 100 CFU/g USP <61>, EP 2.6.12
E. coli Wala sa 10g USP <62>, EP 2.6.13
Salmonella spp. Wala sa 25g USP <62>, EP 2.6.13
Staph. aureus Wala sa 1g USP <62>
Ang uban Sulfated Ash ≤ 0.1% USP <281>
Panagway White crystalline powder Biswal
Solubility (10% soln.) Clear, colorless solution Biswal
pH (10% soln.) 5.0 – 7.0 USP <791>

9. Packaging & Logistics

  • Panguna: Food-grade polyethylene liners.

  • Ikaduha: Robust 25kg fiber drums or kraft paper bags. Custom packaging available (e.g., vacuum-sealed foil bags for hygroscopic grades).

  • Logistics: Shipped globally via air/sea freight under controlled conditions (cool, dry). Compliant with IMDG/IATA regulations. MOQ typically 25kg; samples available.

10. Research Frontiers & Challenges

  • Mga utlanan: Exploring trehalose’s role in autophagy induction for neurodegenerative diseases, enhancing bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs (cocrystallization), next-gen mRNA vaccine stabilization, and novel biomaterial preservation.

  • Mga hagit: Cost-effective large-scale enzymatic production optimization, demonstrating clinical efficacy for novel therapeutic claims, regulatory pathways for new high-value applications.

11. Kanunayng Gipangutana nga mga Pangutana (FAQ)

  • Q: Is trehalose natural? A: Yes, it occurs naturally. Commercial trehalose is typically produced enzymatically from starch.

  • Q: Is trehalose safe? A: Yes, it has GRAS status (FDA) and is approved globally (EFSA, JECFA) for food use. It’s well-tolerated.

  • Q: Does trehalose spike blood sugar? A: It has a lower Glycemic Index (~70) than glucose (100) and sucrose (65), causing a slower, more sustained rise.

  • Q: Why use trehalose instead of sucrose? A: Superior stability, lower reactivity (non-reducing), better cryo/lyoprotection, lower cariogenicity, and mild sweetness.

  • Q: Can trehalose be used in vegan products? A: Absolutely, as it’s derived from plant starch and produced enzymatically.

  • Q: How does trehalose stabilize proteins? A: Primarily through the “Water Replacement Hypothesis,” forming hydrogen bonds with biomolecules, and vitrification during drying.

  • P: Unsa ang estante sa kinabuhi? A: Typically 3 years when stored sealed in a cool, dry place (<25°C, <65% RH).

12. Where to Buy & Request Samples
Source premium, high-purity Trehalose directly from the manufacturer:

  • Website: Explore our full product portfolio at aiherba.com

  • Contact for Quotes & FREE Samples: Reach our technical sales team at liaodaohai@gmail.com for competitive pricing, technical data sheets (TDS), and sample requests tailored to your application (Food, Pharma, Cosmetic, Research).

13. Panapos
Trehalose stands as a versatile and scientifically validated biomolecule, offering unparalleled stabilization benefits across food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and research industries. Its natural origin, safety profile, and unique physicochemical properties make it an indispensable tool. Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd., leveraging 28 years of expertise, cutting-edge purification technology (validated by Superconducting NMR ug UPLC-QTOF-MS), and stringent quality control exceeding pharmacopeial standards, delivers trehalose of exceptional purity (>99.5%) and consistency. Partner with Zhonghong for reliable, high-performance trehalose solutions backed by deep technical support and a global supply chain. Contact us today via liaodaohai@gmail.com or visit aiherba.com for samples and specifications.

14. Mga pakisayran

  1. International Trehalose Association. (n.d.). Scientific Resources. [Link]

  2. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). (2011). Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to trehalose… EFSA Journal, 9(4), 2073.

  3. Ohtake, S., & Wang, Y. J. (2011). Trehalose: current use and future applications. Journal sa Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100(6), 2020-2053.

  4. Chen, A., & Tait, A. R. (2019). Trehalose as a promising therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative disorders. Translational Neurodegeneration, 8(1), 1-10.

  5. USP-NF. (2024). Monograph: Trehalose. United States Pharmacopeial Convention.

  6. European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) 11th Edition. (2024). Monograph 01/2024:0000.

  7. Zhonghong Tech. (2024). Internal Quality Control Protocols & Analytical Reports. Shaanxi, China.

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