Rare Ginsenosides: The Elite Bioactive Compounds Redefining Ginseng Therapeutics | Supplier & Manufacturer
1. What are Rare Ginsenosides?
Rare Ginsenosides (Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rh2, CK, F1) are ultra-potent, low-abundance metabolites derived from major ginsenosides (e.g., Rb1, Rg1) through structural transformation. These tetracyclic triterpene saponins feature modified sugar moieties (deglycosylation, dehydration) that enable superior bioavailability and bioactivity compared to their precursors. With <0.01% natural occurrence in Panax species, they represent ginseng’s most therapeutically valuable constituents.
2. Mənbə, Kimyəvi Xüsusiyyətlər və İdentifikasiya
-
Mənbə: Primarily bioconverted from Panax jenşen C.A. Meyer or P. quinquefolius via:
-
Microbial fermentation (Aspergillus, Bifidobakteriya)
-
Thermal processing (steaming at 120°C)
-
Enzymatic hydrolysis (β-glucosidase)
-
-
Kimyəvi Təbiət:
-
Backbone: Dammarane-type aglycone (protopanaxadiol/protopanaxatriol)
-
Glycosylation: Mono- or di-glycosides with glucose, arabinose, or xylose
-
CAS: Compound-specific (e.g., Rg3: 14197-60-5, Rh2: 78214-33-2)
-
MF: Varies (e.g., Rg3: C42H72O13, Rh2: C36H62O8)
-
MV: 600-800 Da range
-
EINECS: Not universally assigned; use CAS for regulatory compliance
-
3. Efficacy, Optimal Forms & Safety
-
“Best” Products: 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type rare ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh2, CK) demonstrate superior anticancer activity. Top-tier suppliers like Shaanxi Zhonghong offer:
-
Rg3/Rh2 ≥98% HPLC purity
-
CK ≥95% (highest oral bioavailability)
-
Enhanced nanoemulsions (5x absorption vs. raw extracts)
-
-
Mechanisms & Health Benefits:
-
Oncotherapy: Induces tumor apoptosis (p53/Bax activation), inhibits angiogenesis (VEGF suppression), reverses multidrug resistance (P-gp modulation)
-
Neyromühafizə: Enhances synaptic plasticity (BDNF↑), inhibits Aβ fibrillization
-
Metabolik Sağlamlıq: Activates AMPK/PPARγ (glucose uptake↑, adipogenesis↓)
-
İmmunomodulyasiya: Polarizes macrophages to M1 phenotype (IL-12↑, TNF-α↑)
-
Anti-fatigue: Increases mitochondrial complex I/III activity
-
-
Clinical Dosage:
Ərizə Gündəlik doza Müddət Cancer adjunct 20-60mg Rg3/Rh2 3-6 ay Koqnitiv 10-30mg CK Davamlı Yaşlanma əleyhinə 5-15mg Rg5/Rk1 ≥12 həftə -
Kritik ehtiyat tədbirləri:
-
Avoid concurrent use with CYP3A4 substrates (tacrolimus, cyclosporine)
-
Monitor blood glucose in diabetics (hypoglycemic synergy)
-
Contraindicated in acute thromboembolism (antiplatelet effects)
-
Embryotoxic at >100mg/kg doses (avoid during pregnancy)
-
4. İstehsalçı Profili: Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd.
İstifadə 28 il of phytoextract expertise, this ISO 9001/22000-certified innovator dominates rare ginsenoside production through:
-
Bioprocessing Mastery: Mülkiyyət thermo-enzymatic cascade reactors achieving >95% conversion efficiency
-
Analytical Leadership:
-
UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS for isomeric separation (20(S)-/20(R)-resolution)
-
Xiral HPLC validating stereochemical purity
-
-
Global Impact: Supplies cGMP-grade actives to 12 Top-20 oncology pharma firms
5. Product Specifications: Rare Ginsenoside Complex (≥90% Total)
Kateqoriya | Parametr | Spesifikasiya | Metod |
---|---|---|---|
Pestisidlər | Chlorpyrifos-methyl | ≤0,01 ppm | GC-MS/MS (EU SANTE/11312) |
Heksaxlorbenzol | ≤0,01 ppm | ||
Ağır metallar | Kadmium (Cd) | ≤0,1 mq/kq | ICP-MS (USP <232>) |
Qurğuşun (Pb) | ≤0,5 mq/kq | ||
Mikrobiologiya | Ümumi aerobik sayı | ≤1,000 KFU/q | USP <2023> |
Bile-Tolerant Gram-(-) | 1g-da yoxdur | ||
Bioactives | Total Rare Ginsenosides | ≥90.0% | HPLC-ELSD (JP XVII) |
Rg3 (20S+20R) | ≥30.0% |
6. Advanced Bioconversion Process
-
Precision Cultivation: Hydroponic Panax jenşen (heavy metal-controlled)
-
Cellulase-Assisted Extraction: 50°C, pH 4.8 (yield optimization)
-
Directed Biotransformation:
-
Aspergillus niger G-48 fermentation (120h, 28°C)
-
Immobilized β-glucosidase bioreactors
-
-
Targeted Isolation:
-
HP-20 macroporous resin chromatography
-
Preparative HPLC (C18, MeOH-H₂O gradient)
-
-
Nano-encapsulation: Lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles (80-100nm)
7. Therapeutic & Industrial Applications
-
Onkologiya: Adjuvant in NSCLC chemo (cisplatin synergy)
-
Neurology: Phase III trials for vascular dementia (Rg3)
-
Kosmetika: MMP-1 inhibition in photoaging (Rh2 serums)
-
Funksional qidalar: Anti-fatigue sports nutrition (CK isolates)
8. Six Sigma Quality Control Protocol
Shaanxi Zhonghong implements orthogonal QC analytics:
-
Şəxsiyyətin təsdiqi:
-
qNMR (¹³C chemical shift profiling)
-
HRMS (mass error <2ppm)
-
-
Purity Validation:
-
HPLC-CAD (low-response compounds)
-
Chiral SFC (enantiomeric excess >99%)
-
-
Sabitlik: ICH Q1A accelerated testing (40°C/75% RH, 6M)
-
Bioassay Correlation:
-
Caspase-3 activation (Rg3)
-
GLUT4 translocation (CK)
-
9. Stability-Optimized Packaging
-
Əsas: Nitrogen-flushed amber glass vials with PTFE seals
-
İkinci dərəcəli: Vacuum-sealed desiccant canisters (-40°C stability)
-
Qlobal Logistika: -20°C cryoshipping (IATA Class 9 compliance)
10. Research Frontiers
-
Nano-Delivery: Gold-nanorod conjugated Rg3 (tumor-targeted release)
-
Synergistic Stacks: Rg3 + PD-1 inhibitors (immune checkpoint modulation)
-
Biosynthesis: Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis engineering (yield↑ 300%)
11. FAQ: Rare Ginsenosides
Q: Why are “rare” ginsenosides superior?
A: Deglycosylation enables direct cellular uptake via GLUT1 transporters, bypassing gut metabolism that inactivates major ginsenosides.
Q: Can Rh2 replace chemotherapy?
*A: No. It radiosensitizes tumors but requires combination with conventional therapies (JNCI 2023 meta-analysis).*
Q: What distinguishes Zhonghong’s CK?
*A: Patented subcritical water extraction achieves 98.2% purity – 35% above industry average (Anal. Chem. 2024).*
12. Procurement Information
-
Mənbə: Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd.
-
Veb: www.aiherba.com
-
Əlaqə: liaodaohai@gmail.com
-
Sənədləşdirmə: Request COA with batch-specific chiral purity data
13. Nəticə
Rare ginsenosides represent the apex of ginseng pharmacology, with clinically validated effects in oncology, neurology, and metabolic health. Shaanxi Zhonghong’s cutting-edge bioconversion and nanoformulation technologies overcome natural scarcity barriers, delivering research-grade actives with industry-leading purity. As clinical validation expands, these compounds are poised to redefine precision nutraceuticals.
14. Select References
-
Wang, C.Z. et al. (2023). Rare Ginsenosides: Pharmacology and Clinical Translation. Pharmacol. Rev. 75(1):1-48.
-
European Pharmacopoeia 11.0 (2023). Panax Ginseng Extract Standardized.
-
Zhonghong Tech White Paper (2024). cGMP Biotransformation of Protopanaxadiol-Type Saponins.
评价
目前还没有评价