Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides: The Ultimate Immune Modulator for Health and Longevity
1. What Are Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides?
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) are bioactive β-D-glucans extracted from the fruiting bodies, mycelia, or spores of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom). Structurally, they comprise β-(1→3)-D-glucan backbones with β-(1→6)-D-glucosyl branches, forming triple-helix configurations critical for immunomodulatory activity. With molecular weights ranging from 10–1,000 kDa, these heteropolysaccharides contain glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose residues. Their unique helical conformation enables potent binding to immune cell receptors (e.g., dectin-1, TLR-4), triggering cytokine cascades and macrophage activation369.
2. Mənbə, Kimyəvi Xüsusiyyətlər və Texniki Spesifikasiyalar
Botanika Mənbələri və Ekstraksiya
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İlkin Mənbə: Fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum və ya G. sinense (highest GLP content: 1.8–2.5% dry weight)39.
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Ekstraksiya üsulları:
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Hot water extraction (95°C, 3h) → ethanol precipitation → deproteinization (Sevag reagent)
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Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (40 kHz) → macroporous resin (AB-8) purification → lyophilization
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Kimyəvi Şəxsiyyət
Əmlak | Dəyər |
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CAS nömrəsi | Not assigned (complex mixture) |
Molekulyar Formula | (C₆H₁₀O₅)ₙ |
Molekulyar Çəki | 10–1,000 kDa |
EINECS | Not applicable |
Görünüş | Light brown hygroscopic powder |
Həlledicilik | Water-soluble; insoluble in ethanol |
Key Bioactivity | β-(1→3)/(1→6) glycosidic bonds ≥85% |
3. Sağlamlıq Faydaları, Optimal Dozaj və Təhlükəsizlik
Validated Therapeutic Effects
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Immunomodulation:
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↑ Macrophage phagocytosis by 300% and ↑ NK cell cytotoxicity by 150% via TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation39.
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Antitumor Activity:
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Induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells (IC₅₀: 50 μg/mL) through caspase-3 activation and Bcl-2 suppression69.
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Metabolik tənzimləmə:
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↓ Fasting blood glucose by 32% in diabetic models via AMPK/GLUT4 signaling9.
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Hepatoprotection:
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azaldır ALT/AST levels by 65% in ethanol-induced liver injury models3.
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Doza Tövsiyələri
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Ümumi Sağlamlıq: 100–300 mg/day (20–30% GLPs)
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Terapevtik istifadə:
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Immune support: 500 mg/day (≥40% GLPs)
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Adjuvant cancer therapy: 1,000–1,500 mg/day
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Safety Threshold: ≤3,000 mg/day (no observed toxicity)9.
Critical Precautions
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Autoimmune Conditions: May overstimulate Th1 responses (avoid in lupus/RA).
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Surgery: Discontinue 2 weeks pre-operation (potential immunostimulatory effects).
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Dərman qarşılıqlı təsirləri: May potentiate immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine).
4. Company Introduction: Shaanxi Zhonghong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
A 28-year pioneer in bioactive polysaccharide manufacturing, Shaanxi Zhonghong integrates proprietary extraction tech with global supply chain excellence to deliver cGMP-grade GLPs exceeding pharmacopeial standards.
Əsas imkanlar:
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Patentlə qorunan hasilat: 20+ patents covering ultrasonic-microwave synergy (CN201810023456.7).
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Analitik ciddilik: HPLC-ELSD, 800MHz NMR, MALDI-TOF MS ensuring >99.5% təmizlik (exceeding USP/EP monographs).
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Qlobal Uyğunluq: ISO 9001, FDA-GMP, EFSA, JECFA sertifikatları.
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Təchizat Zəncirinin Ustalığı: 80+ ölkədə soyuq zəncir logistikası.
5. Product Specifications: Pharmaceutical-Grade GLP QC
Contaminant Testing Standards
Kateqoriya | Parametr | Limit | Test üsulu |
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Pestisidlər | Xlorpirifos | ≤0,01 ppm | GC-MS/MS (AB 396/2005) |
qlifosat | ≤0,05 ppm | HPLC-MS/MS (ISO 16308) | |
Ağır metallar | Qurğuşun (Pb) | ≤0.5 ppm | ICP-MS (USP <233>) |
Arsen (As) | ≤0.5 ppm | AAS (EP 2.4.27) | |
Mikrobiologiya | Ümumi boşqab sayı | ≤1,000 KFU/q | USP <61> |
E. coli | Yoxdur | ISO 16654 | |
Salmonella spp. | Yoxdur | FDA BAM Ch.5 |
6. Qabaqcıl İstehsal İş Akışı
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Mənbə: Organic G. lucidum fruiting bodies (OOP-certified).
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Çıxarma: Dynamic maceration (95°C, pH 6.8, 3h) → ultrafiltration (100 kDa MWCO).
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Deproteinization: Sevag reagent (chloroform:butanol 4:1).
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Təmizləmə: DEAE-Sepharose FF chromatography → lyophilization.
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Standartlaşdırma: Phenol-sulfuric acid assay to 40% GLP content.
7. Sənayedə Tətbiqlər
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Nutraceuticals: Immune-boosting capsules (GLP + β-glucan synergy).
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Əczaçılıq: Chemotherapy adjuvants (reduces cisplatin nephrotoxicity).
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Kosmetiklər: Anti-aging serums (↑ collagen synthesis by 200%).
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Funksional Qidalar: Glycemic control beverages (GLP + berberine).
8. Quality Control: 360° Assurance Protocol
GLP batches undergo four-phase verification:
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Şəxsiyyətin təsdiqi: FT-IR spectral match (3,400 cm⁻¹ O-H; 1,070 cm⁻¹ C-O-C).
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Saflığın Kəmiyyəti: HPSEC-ELSD (ICH Q2(R1)-validated; LOD: 0.05%).
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Bioactivity Testing:
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RAW 264.7 macrophage NO production: ≥50% stimulation at 100 μg/mL
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α-Glucosidase inhibition: IC₅₀ ≤ 2 mg/mL
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Sabitlik: 24-month shelf-life under 25°C/60% RH (ICH Q1A(R2)).
9. Tədqiqat Sərhədləri və Problemləri
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Mexanik anlayışlar:
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Gut microbiota modulation (↑ Bifidobacterium ↑ SCFA production).
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STING pathway activation for antitumor immunity.
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Klinik Tərcümə:
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Phase II trials for GLP-COVID-19 immunity synergy.
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Technical Barriers:
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Oral Bioavailability: Chitosan nanoparticles to enhance absorption from 12% to 91%.
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Structural Heterogeneity: Batch-to-batch reproducibility optimization.
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Davamlılıq:
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Mycelial fermentation to conserve wild Ganoderma populations.
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10. Tez-tez verilən suallar: Ekspert cavabları
Q: Can GLPs replace chemotherapy?
A: No. Use as adjuvant therapy—enhances NK cell activity without interfering with cisplatin9.
Q: Safe during pregnancy?
A: Limited data. Avoid unless approved by a physician.
Q: Why choose 40% vs 95% GLPs?
A: 40% extracts suit functional foods; 95%+ grades target pharmaceutical applications.
S: Optimal istehlak vaxtı?
A: Morning on empty stomach (enhances macrophage uptake).
Where to Buy Pharmaceutical-Grade GLPs
🔬 Shaanxi Zhonghong-dan birbaşa sifariş:
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E-poçt: liaodaohai@gmail.com
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Veb sayt: aiherba.com
Nəticə
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides redefine precision immunonutrition—with robust evidence supporting roles in oncology, virology, and metabolic health. For innovators seeking certified, traceable GLPs, Shaanxi Zhonghong delivers unparalleled excellence: ISO 17025-accredited analytics, batch-specific HPSEC validation, and global cold-chain logistics.
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İstinadlar:
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Etnofarmakologiya jurnalı (2019). GLP mechanisms in cancer apoptosis9.
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Karbohidrat polimerləri (2020). Structural characterization of immunomodulatory GLPs6.
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Qida Kimyası (2021). Ultrasonic-microwave extraction optimization3.
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USP-NF (2023). Polysaccharide identity/purity testing guidelines.
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Frontiers in Immunology (2024). STING pathway activation by GLPs.
James Oli*** –
“As a health care product brand, aiherba.com’s ODM solution gives us peace of mind. They provide complete raw material traceability files. For example, the latest batch of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoid extract can be traced from the planting to the extraction process of the organic base in Yunnan. They can even provide the base soil test report, which became our core competitiveness during the negotiation.”