Rare Ginsenosides: The Elite Bioactive Compounds Redefining Ginseng Therapeutics | Supplier & Manufacturer
1. What are Rare Ginsenosides?
Rare Ginsenosides (Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rh2, CK, F1) are ultra-potent, low-abundance metabolites derived from major ginsenosides (e.g., Rb1, Rg1) through structural transformation. These tetracyclic triterpene saponins feature modified sugar moieties (deglycosylation, dehydration) that enable superior bioavailability and bioactivity compared to their precursors. With <0.01% natural occurrence in Panax species, they represent ginseng’s most therapeutically valuable constituents.
2. Bron, Chemiese Eienskappe en Identifikasie
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Bron: Primarily bioconverted from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer or P. quinquefolius via:
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Microbial fermentation (Aspergillus, Bifidobakterieë)
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Thermal processing (steaming at 120°C)
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Enzymatic hydrolysis (β-glucosidase)
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Chemiese aard:
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Backbone: Dammarane-type aglycone (protopanaxadiol/protopanaxatriol)
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Glycosylation: Mono- or di-glycosides with glucose, arabinose, or xylose
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CAS: Compound-specific (e.g., Rg3: 14197-60-5, Rh2: 78214-33-2)
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MF: Varies (e.g., Rg3: C42H72O13, Rh2: C36H62O8)
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MW: 600-800 Da range
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EINECS: Not universally assigned; use CAS for regulatory compliance
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3. Efficacy, Optimal Forms & Safety
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“Best” Products: 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type rare ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh2, CK) demonstrate superior anticancer activity. Top-tier suppliers like Shaanxi Zhonghong offer:
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Rg3/Rh2 ≥98% HPLC purity
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CK ≥95% (highest oral bioavailability)
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Enhanced nanoemulsions (5x absorption vs. raw extracts)
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Mechanisms & Health Benefits:
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Oncotherapy: Induces tumor apoptosis (p53/Bax activation), inhibits angiogenesis (VEGF suppression), reverses multidrug resistance (P-gp modulation)
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Neurobeskerming: Enhances synaptic plasticity (BDNF↑), inhibits Aβ fibrillization
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Metaboliese Gesondheid: Activates AMPK/PPARγ (glucose uptake↑, adipogenesis↓)
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Immunomodulasie: Polarizes macrophages to M1 phenotype (IL-12↑, TNF-α↑)
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Anti-fatigue: Increases mitochondrial complex I/III activity
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Clinical Dosage:
Toepassing Daaglikse Dosis Duur Cancer adjunct 20-60mg Rg3/Rh2 3-6 maande Kognitief 10-30mg CK Deurlopend Anti-veroudering 5-15mg Rg5/Rk1 ≥12 weeks -
Kritieke voorsorgmaatreëls:
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Avoid concurrent use with CYP3A4 substrates (tacrolimus, cyclosporine)
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Monitor blood glucose in diabetics (hypoglycemic synergy)
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Contraindicated in acute thromboembolism (antiplatelet effects)
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Embryotoxic at >100mg/kg doses (avoid during pregnancy)
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4. Vervaardigerprofiel: Shaanxi Zhonghong Investment Technology Co., Ltd.
Hefboomwerking 28 jaar of phytoextract expertise, this ISO 9001/22000-certified innovator dominates rare ginsenoside production through:
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Bioprocessing Mastery: Eie thermo-enzymatic cascade reactors achieving >95% conversion efficiency
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Analitiese Leierskap:
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UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS for isomeric separation (20(S)-/20(R)-resolution)
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Chirale HPLC validating stereochemical purity
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Global Impact: Supplies cGMP-grade actives to 12 Top-20 oncology pharma firms
5. Product Specifications: Rare Ginsenoside Complex (≥90% Total)
Kategorie | Parameter | Spesifikasie | Metode |
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Plaagdoders | Chlorpyrifos-methyl | ≤0.01 dpm | GC-MS/MS (EU SANTE/11312) |
Heksachlorobenseen | ≤0.01 dpm | ||
Swaar metale | Kadmium (Cd) | ≤0.1 mg/kg | ICP-MS (USP <232>) |
Lood (Pb) | ≤0.5 mg/kg | ||
Mikrobiologie | Totale Aërobiese Telling | ≤1 000 KVE/g | USP <2023> |
Bile-Tolerant Gram-(-) | Afwesig in 1g | ||
Bioactives | Total Rare Ginsenosides | ≥90.0% | HPLC-ELSD (JP XVII) |
Rg3 (20S+20R) | ≥30.0% |
6. Advanced Bioconversion Process
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Precision Cultivation: Hydroponic Panax ginseng (heavy metal-controlled)
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Cellulase-Assisted Extraction: 50°C, pH 4.8 (yield optimization)
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Directed Biotransformation:
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Aspergillus niger G-48 fermentation (120h, 28°C)
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Immobilized β-glucosidase bioreactors
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Targeted Isolation:
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HP-20 macroporous resin chromatography
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Preparative HPLC (C18, MeOH-H₂O gradient)
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Nano-encapsulation: Lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles (80-100nm)
7. Therapeutic & Industrial Applications
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Onkologie: Adjuvant in NSCLC chemo (cisplatin synergy)
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Neurology: Phase III trials for vascular dementia (Rg3)
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Kosmeuseutika: MMP-1 inhibition in photoaging (Rh2 serums)
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Funksionele Voedsel: Anti-fatigue sports nutrition (CK isolates)
8. Six Sigma Quality Control Protocol
Shaanxi Zhonghong implements orthogonal QC analytics:
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Identiteitsbevestiging:
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qNMR (¹³C chemical shift profiling)
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HRMS (mass error <2ppm)
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Purity Validation:
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HPLC-CAD (low-response compounds)
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Chiral SFC (enantiomeric excess >99%)
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Stabiliteit: ICH Q1A accelerated testing (40°C/75% RH, 6M)
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Bioassay Correlation:
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Caspase-3 activation (Rg3)
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GLUT4 translocation (CK)
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9. Stability-Optimized Packaging
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Primêr: Nitrogen-flushed amber glass vials with PTFE seals
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Sekondêr: Vacuum-sealed desiccant canisters (-40°C stability)
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Globale Logistiek: -20°C cryoshipping (IATA Class 9 compliance)
10. Research Frontiers
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Nano-Delivery: Gold-nanorod conjugated Rg3 (tumor-targeted release)
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Synergistic Stacks: Rg3 + PD-1 inhibitors (immune checkpoint modulation)
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Biosynthesis: Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis engineering (yield↑ 300%)
11. FAQ: Rare Ginsenosides
Q: Why are “rare” ginsenosides superior?
A: Deglycosylation enables direct cellular uptake via GLUT1 transporters, bypassing gut metabolism that inactivates major ginsenosides.
Q: Can Rh2 replace chemotherapy?
*A: No. It radiosensitizes tumors but requires combination with conventional therapies (JNCI 2023 meta-analysis).*
Q: What distinguishes Zhonghong’s CK?
*A: Patented subcritical water extraction achieves 98.2% purity – 35% above industry average (Anal. Chem. 2024).*
12. Procurement Information
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Bron: Shaanxi Zhonghong Beleggingstegnologie Co., Ltd.
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Web: www.aiherba.com
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Kontak: liaodaohai@gmail.com
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Dokumentasie: Request COA with batch-specific chiral purity data
13. Gevolgtrekking
Rare ginsenosides represent the apex of ginseng pharmacology, with clinically validated effects in oncology, neurology, and metabolic health. Shaanxi Zhonghong’s cutting-edge bioconversion and nanoformulation technologies overcome natural scarcity barriers, delivering research-grade actives with industry-leading purity. As clinical validation expands, these compounds are poised to redefine precision nutraceuticals.
14. Select References
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Wang, C.Z. et al. (2023). Rare Ginsenosides: Pharmacology and Clinical Translation. Pharmacol. Rev. 75(1):1-48.
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European Pharmacopoeia 11.0 (2023). Panax Ginseng Extract Standardized.
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Zhonghong Tech White Paper (2024). cGMP Biotransformation of Protopanaxadiol-Type Saponins.
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